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Is dopamine fasting a wellness trend actually worth trying?

Feeling nothing for a day in order to feel more later on is all the rage on TikTok, but does it actually work?

Over the last decade, ‘wellness’ has become such a ubiquitous part of mainstream culture that in 2024, it’s pretty hard to imagine life without it.

A term coined in the 50s when people started realising that there’s more to health than simply treating illnesses reactively, it involves conscious decision-making that’ll supposedly lead to a more fulfilling life.

Unfortunately, despite the fact that some of the trends churned out almost daily are actually rather worthwhile – meditation, psychedelic-assisted therapy, and connecting with nature spring to mind – many of them are often just fads with no real proof that they’ll make any difference whatsoever to our overall wellbeing.

First, there was the time that Gwyneth Paltrow got sued for selling unconceivably expensive crystal eggs because she claimed that shoving them up your hoo-ha had the ‘power to cleanse and clear.’

Then juicing had an absolute moment for allegedly boosting our immune systems when there’s no scientific evidence that it’s any healthier than eating fresh produce whole.

And does anyone remember the explosion of ‘teatoxes’ online, which promised to help us lose weight and feel less bloated, but in reality did nothing other than force us to take far-too frequent bathroom breaks?

Thank God Instagram rolled out policies restricting celebrities from posting about this is all I can say (though the Ozempic craze and Kourtney Kardashian’s lemme pills have landed us back at square one).

Now, while I understand the importance of feeling good as much as the next person, I firmly believe there needs to be a great deal more clarity regarding what works and what doesn’t, particularly from brands and influential figures promoting products to impressionable audiences on social media.

@habitnest Resetting your dopamine levels is a great way to feel good about the little achievements in your life #dopaminedetox #dopaminedetoxchallenge #dopamine ♬ awkward sped up sza – rem

It’s for this reason that I’m somewhat sceptical about dopamine fasting, which is currently all the rage on TikTok as users desperately attempt to curb their phone addiction.

‘With the advent of what might be considered new ‘addictive’ pastimes such as looking at TikTok or Instagram, dopamine seems to be back in the news,’ Ciara McCabe, Professor of Neuroscience, Psychopharmacology and Mental Health, tells Dazed.

Content creator Isabella Oggioni agrees: ‘I think part of it is due to this growing focus on mindfulness and self-care. My generation also tends to label things and join movements – just like we saw with Brat Summer. Maybe now we’re entering Dopamine Autumn.’

The happiness hack isn’t a new eating plan or productivity-improving microdosing-sesh, but an encouragement we be as miserable as possible for short, sharp breaks.

It’s a technique that professionals and even some neuroscientists are getting behind, instructing us to deprive ourselves of all joy (apps, TV, music, you name it) so we can reboot our brains and learn to appreciate the widely-forgotten pleasure of being in the present moment.

‘We’re addicted to dopamine,’ says Silicon Valley chemist and regular ‘faster,’ James Sinka. ‘And because we’re getting so much of it all the time, we just end up wanting more and more, so activities that used to be enjoyable now aren’t.’

As he outlines, ceaseless stimulation is increasing the brain’s baseline until we’ve eventually adapted to extremely high (not to mention unsustainable) levels of dopamine and to avoid this, we must abstain.

‘This project resets those receptors, so you’re satiated again,’ continues Sinka – and I do see where he’s coming from.

Dopamine is relatively similar to alcohol, in the sense that your first ever beer will get you buzzed but from there you’ll have to have considerably more to reach that same point because you’ve developed a tolerance.

A near-identical reaction occurs with our feel-good neurotransmitters when doing what we find entertaining, triggering hits of dopamine that motivate us to seek out more of it.

This can be anything from an interesting conversation or Instagram notification to spotting a cute dog in the street or indulging in a delicious meal.

To fast, you’ll be eliminating all of this from your day, because literally any kind of stimulation is a total no-no.

This means no food, no drinks (except water), no talking, no exercise, no making eye contact, and categorically no digital devices. The list goes on and it’s truly as bleak as it sounds: all you’re allowed to do is sit there.

Though I acknowledge that this is probably worth it in the long-run and I am always striving to reduce the hours I spend scrolling, surely it’s more beneficial to make little changes gradually as opposed to going full goblin mode (minus the screens and snacks).

Namely, that is, changes that don’t pose potential mental or physical health risks, or demand a significant amount of willpower which, let’s be honest, very few of us have.

Moreover, there are mixed reviews as to whether or not this trend can genuinely achieve the desired outcomes.

@imangadzhimomentsHave you tried dopamine detox?♬ original sound – Iman Gadzhi Moments

One the one hand, Sinka alleges that he feels noticeably more energised afterwards and Peter Sterling, a neuroscience professor at Pennsylvania School of Medicine, says it’s basic biology.

‘It is true that any sort of intense stimulation to any part of the body and brain, cause the sensors of that stimulation to turn down,’ he explains.

‘So when we live by getting great surges of dopamine from rich foods, alcohol, nicotine and the rest, our dopamine receptor desensitizes and then we need more. Withdrawing from stimulants probably does reduce these surges and I expect would restore sensitivity to small pulses to which we were normally sensitive.’

However, not everybody is as convinced, stressing that there’s still no concrete evidence to support it.

‘Dopamine doesn’t have a straightforward relationship to pleasure or happiness like we think it does,’ says psychiatry professor, Joshua Berke.

‘This is a fad, not a controlled study. It certainly sounds plausible that taking a break from obsessively checking your social media account and partying every night is good for you, it’s just unlikely to have much to do with dopamine per se.’

Ultimately, a dopamine detox could be useful if you’re aiming to establish boundaries within yourself and gain more insight into your bad habits and destructive behaviours, but there’s no doubt an element of placebo effect at play here.

You won’t know until you try though, so if do you want to give it a go, be prepared for the extremely slow, dull day ahead because while doing nothing can’t kill you, there is a chance you’ll die from boredom.

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