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What is happening in Venezuela?

Following the disputed result of the country’s presidential election – which saw Maduro secure another term in power – fresh protests have broken out in the capital.

Home to the largest oil reserves in the world and once the richest nation in South America, recent decades have seen Venezuela ‘collapse under the weight of its own corruption and the hollow promise of a socialist utopia’ (Richard Emblin, The City Paper Bogotá).

Since 2015, the country has been facing a humanitarian crisis unlike anything ever witnessed in the continent’s history, due to uncontrollable inflation and the scarcity of goods.

Striving to escape the pervasive violence and economic turmoil of their failed state, almost 7.8 million Venezuelans have been forced to leave behind their homes and families.

Yet Nicolás Maduro – who’s served as president for over ten years – has continually denied this reality, refusing to acknowledge the suffering of his citizens to make everything appear under control.

With this in mind, it’s unsurprising that so many were demanding his exit from power in the consequential and contentious elections that took place on Sunday.

In the run-up to the results, thousands of protesters were on the streets calling for an end to Maduro’s authoritarian regime.

Their cries went unheard, however, after he secured another term despite doubts over the veracity of his claim to have beaten the opposition candidate Edmundo González Urrutia and his campaigning partner, María Corina Machado.

Machado told reporters on Monday that a review of available voting records from the election showed that Gonzalez had achieved a ‘categorical and mathematically irreversible’ victory. ‘What we are fighting here is a fraud by the regime,’ she added.

‘We are absolutely sure the election was stolen,’ a current protestor told the BBC.

‘I worked in an electoral booth. The government is not recognising it, they stopped all the tallies of the vote halfway through the night. They don’t want the world to know that they lost.’

 

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Widely considered a ‘sham’ for this reason, the heavily disputed result has triggered fresh demonstrations in the capital city of Caracas, where many – angered by the announcement – have gathered to declare that they will not stop until there is a new government.

Some say this will only be achieved if security forces join the opposition, but the military and police have so far remained loyal to Maduro, demonstrating their proclaimed ‘unconditional support’ of the president by firing tear gas and rubber bullets at protesters.

Local officials say around 750 people have been arrested and two leading NGOs in the country say that several people have died and dozens have been injured in the clashes.

Those arrested, as warned by Attorney General Tarek Saab, a long-time ally of Maduro, will be charged with ‘resisting authority and, in most serious cases, terrorism.’

The election and its results have been widely questioned within and beyond the region.

The US secretary of state, Antony Blinken, said Washington had ‘serious concerns that the result announced does not reflect the will or the votes of the Venezuelan people,’ while the Organization of American States (OAS) will meet today to discuss the issue.

Maduro has dismissed all international criticism, saying without any evidence that Venezuela is the target of an attempted ‘coup d’état’ of a ‘fascist and counter-revolutionary’ nature.

The unrest has raised fears about a potential repression of peaceful protests, as well as a new wave of migration from Venezuela.

In response, Machado (as explained by political scientist, Carlos Pina) ‘is being very careful not to call for violence because that’s what the government wants, to justify the repression and hold on to power.’

‘The entire opposition leadership is avoiding [this]. They are simply putting pressure so their victory is recognised.’

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