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What are the Taliban doing at COP29?

The fundamentalist group is attending the summit for the first time since its violent return to power in 2021. Though objections have been raised, poverty-stricken Afghanistan is ranked as one of the most vulnerable countries to the climate crisis and it’s for this reason that hosts in Azerbaijan extended the invitation.

In 2021, the world watched in horror as the Taliban, taking advantage of America’s withdrawal from the region, seized power in Afghanistan.

Triggering concerns that this would signify the country’s return to its profoundly repressive past, one entirely absent of basic women’s rights, female citizens began to once again dread confinement indoors, deprivation of agency, and violent control measures.

This was commonplace between 1996 and 2001, a five year period that saw women forbidden from seeking employment and girls from attending school, all of them obliged to wear a full face and body covering and be accompanied by a male chaperone if they wanted to venture out of their homes.

In the time since, millions of girls have received an education and women have been granted a range of new societal opportunities.

After two decades of relative autonomy, however, these gains – touted as one of the most noteworthy humanitarian accomplishments in modern history – were elapsed, and the dreams of an entire generation of Afghan women raised alongside a hope they could eventually live within a fair democratic state were quashed before the Taliban’s relentless advance.

Today, the curtailing of their freedoms continues, most recently in the form of the Virtue and Vice law – which forbids women from making eye contact with men outside their family or spouse, speaking loudly, or singing – and another, bizarre legislation that prohibits women from hearing other women’s voices.

With this in mind, it’s no surprise international outrage has been sparked by news that the Taliban are attending COP29.

Though they do not have official recognition as the legitimate ruler of Afghanistan, the country’s foreign ministry has sent a delegation to the annual summit, on an invite from hosts in Azerbaijan who took into consideration that poverty-stricken Afghanistan is ranked as being highly vulnerable to the climate crisis.

Flash floods have killed hundreds this year, and the heavily agriculture-dependent country has suffered through one of the worst droughts in decades. Many subsistence farmers, who make up much of the population, face deepening food insecurity amid the fluctuating seasonal rains and the often arid landscape.

According to a Save the Children report, in the first six months of 2024 alone, extreme weather events forced at least 38,000 people to flee their homes, about half of them children, far more than for the whole of last year, (37,076).

‘Afghanistan is one of the countries that is really left behind on the needs that it has,’ Habib Mayar, deputy general secretary of the g7+ (an intergovernmental organisation of countries affected by conflict) told Reuters.

‘It is a double price that they are paying. There is lack of attention, lack of connection with the international community, and then there are increasing humanitarian needs.’

Rather than being a full participant, they’re to have observer status only, enabling them to ‘potentially participate in periphery discussions and potentially hold bilateral meetings.’

On the topic of climate change, officials from the country’s National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) argue that the political barriers to entry should be even lower given the nature of the issue and that their isolation should not prevent them from discussing the challenges facing their country.

‘Climate change is a humanitarian subject,’ deputy NEPA head, Zainulabedin Abid, told AFP last month.

‘We have called on the international community not to relate climate change with politics.’

He added that the delegation will use the conference to strengthen cooperation with the international community on environmental protection and climate change, share Afghanistan’s needs regarding access to existing financial mechanisms related to climate change, and discuss adaptation and mitigation efforts.

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