The challenges and opportunities of a growing global population

Burdens of a growing population

Let’s start with the challenges first.

It’s undeniable that a higher global population risks placing additional strain on the planet, especially when it comes to an increase in demand for natural resources and trying to ensure we don’t destroy ecosystems in that process.

The UN states that though population growth ‘may not be the direct cause of environmental damage, it may nevertheless exacerbate the problem or accelerate the timing of its emergence.’

In particular, the fight against climate change will become more difficult if our reliance on fossil fuels isn’t significantly reduced across the board. Whether larger populations increase their contribution to greenhouse gas emissions will depend on the availability of green technology in certain regions.

The good news is, Sub-Saharan Africa – where populations are rapidly growing – is waking up to its most valuable and abundant source of renewable energy: the sun. In 2021, the Africa Solar Industry Association (AFSIA) identified over 7,600 new solar projects, with more than 1,000 already in operation.

The rest of the world has also recognised the region’s green potential, with Sub-Saharan Africa receiving over $34.7billion in international investment for its renewables sector from 2011 to 2020.

If momentum, planning, and financial backing for harnessing and storing renewables continue as they are, it is entirely possible that the region will become a ‘powerhouse’ for solar as predicted – subsequently supporting its growing population in a way that is not taxing on the environment.

Opportunity sparked from growth

Aside from needing to deal with the challenge of adequately distributing natural resources, many nations have real potential to reap the rewards of a growing local population.

Reports by The World Bank suggest that – with the right policies and actions put in place – the likelihood of capturing the social and economic benefits of population growth will increase accordingly.

No doubt, the emergence of a large young, working population in Sub-Saharan Africa is sure to give the region a major economic boost, but experts say this will can only be fully realised if more focus is placed on empowering women and girls.

By investing in women and girls’ education, skills, and providing them with equal market, social and decision-making powers as their male counterparts, African nations will get the most out of their ‘demographic dividend’.

It’s clear that there will be obstacles that need problem solving through strong social policies, increased economic funding, and clear planning for improved infrastructure in regions where populations are growing.

On the other hand, it’s encouraging to see that projects are already underway to support rising populations, and when prosperity of nations relies on equal opportunities, it’s likely improvements to health and social policies are sure to follow.