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One in seven adults are reportedly addicted to ultra-processed foods

An analysis of 281 studies from 36 different countries, published in the BMJ, states that the way some people consume UPFs ‘meets the criteria for diagnosis of substance use disorder.’

Did you know that, given the option, most rats will choose sugar instead of cocaine?

This is according to an experiment conducted in 2007, which found the creature’s lust for the carbohydrate to be so strong that they’d go as far as to self-administer electric shocks in their desperation to consume it.

Well, over a decade later, and new research has unveiled that rats aren’t alone in this drive – that humans, it seems, do something similar.

Published in the BMJ, an analysis of 281 studies from 36 different countries states that the way some people consume ultra-processed foods (UPFs) ‘meets the criteria for diagnosis of substance use disorder.’

It found that addiction occurs in 14 per cent of adults (one in seven) and 12 per cent of children (one in eight), with linked behaviours including: intense cravings, symptoms of withdrawal, less control over intake, and continued use in spite of such consequences as obesity, BED, poorer physical and mental health, and lower quality of life.

In light of recent revelations that UPFs now make up over half the average diet in the UK and US and that global consumption of products like ice cream, fizzy drinks, and ready meals (which are known to increase the risk of cancer, weight gain, and heart disease) is soaring, this has prompted calls for some to be labelled as addictive.

Experts say that if foods high in carbohydrates and fats were to be officially categorised this way, it could help improve health through changes to social, clinical, and political policies.

Americans Are Addicted to 'Ultra-Processed' Foods, and It's Killing Us

‘There is converging and consistent support for the validity and clinical relevance of food addiction,’ said Ashley Gearhardt, the article’s corresponding author and a psychology professor at the University of Michigan.

‘By acknowledging that certain types of processed foods have the properties of addictive substances, we may be able to help improve global health.’

It would also lead to more research in these areas and provide better insight into the potential implications of UPFs on the wellbeing of society.

‘Refined carbohydrates or fats evoke similar levels of extracellular dopamine in the brain striatum to those seen with addictive substances such as nicotine and alcohol,’ continues Gearhardt.

‘While further careful research is needed to determine the exact mechanism by which these foods trigger addictive responses, UPFs high in refined carbohydrates and fats are clearly consumed in addictive patterns and are leading to deleterious health outcomes.’

Alongside her team of academics, Gearhardt says that the observed associations are concerning, and has stressed the importance of more studies to thoroughly investigate what our pivot away from nutritionally balanced diets will mean going forward.

‘Despite the uncertainty,’ she concludes, ‘classifying foods as addictive could stimulate research and shift attitudes to regulation.’

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