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2023 exposed a ‘global postcode lottery stacked against the poor’

An analysis of this year’s top 20 costliest extreme natural disasters has revealed that countries less able to rebuild or which have contributed least to the climate crisis suffer the worst.

According to Christian Aid, there exists a ‘global postcode lottery stacked against the poor.’

This refers to the price that people pay for climate change-induced natural disasters, which varies dramatically across countries.

By looking at 20 extreme weather events from the last 12 months, the charity uncovered that the cost per capita of each crisis can range hugely depending on where it happened from more than $4,000 per person (due to a wildfire in Hawaii) to $9 per person (due to flooding in Peru).

The research – which specifically examined 14 developing regions hit by natural disasters exacerbated by environmental breakdown during this year – found the highest per capita cost was the wildfires in Hawaii in August ($4,161), which far outstrips the second costliest, which was Guam’s storms in May ($1,142).

As it states, the countries that can least afford to rebuild or which have contributed least to the ecological emergency by burning fewer fossil fuels than wealthy nations are suffering the worst.

It highlights that countries with weaker infrastructure and flimsier homes face larger costs as their inhabited areas are more easily destroyed.

Additionally, in the countries with the highest costs, many are employed in agriculture, which is vulnerable to extreme weather and means the government is less likely to invest in prevention.

‘In poorer countries, people are often less prepared for climate-related disasters and have fewer resources with which to bounce back,’ says Patrick Watt, chief executive of Christian Aid.

‘The upshot is that more people die, and recovery is slower and more unequal. There is a double injustice in the fact that the communities worst affected by global warming have contributed little to the problem.’

But, as the charity noted, large countries like the US, China, and Mexico with populations exceeding 100 million, also had very costly natural disasters.

It added: ‘when we analyse the data across countries, we see that for richer countries with a large population it is easier to absorb the costs of climate disasters.’

Of course, the solution to this disparity is loss and damage, which has become a key part of climate negotiations in the last decade.

As we know, however, pledges to the fund at the recent COP28 summit fell short, with the wealthy nations most responsible for the climate crisis contributing a combined total of just over $700m – nowhere near enough to help the world’s most vulnerable nations cope with the damage caused by slow onset disasters and extreme weather events.

‘Governments urgently need to take further action at home and internationally, to cut emissions, and adapt to the effects of climate change,’ concludes Watt.

‘And where the impacts go beyond what people can adapt to, the loss and damage fund must be resourced to compensate the poorest countries for the effects of a crisis that isn’t of their making.’

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