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Kent meningitis outbreak identified as less-targeted strain

Staff and students at the University of Kent were devastated by a fatal outbreak of meningitis last week, which left two people dead and more than 10 hospitalised.

The incident has thrown a community into chaos, as students begin to worry about those they’ve come into contact with and University staff try to manage the outbreak. Hundreds of young people have since begun queuing for antibiotics, while in-person exams have been moved online.

Many students fled home soon after news of the outbreak spread, with concerned parents coming to collect them in the night. But staff have warned students to ensure they take every precaution before returning to their family and friends.

Gayatri Amirthalingam, the deputy director of the immunisation and vaccine preventable diseases at the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), urged young people to take up the offer of antibiotics.

When asked if it was safe for students to return home, she said: ‘If you are a university student and you’ve been offered antibiotics, or anyone else who’s been offered antibiotics, please that take immediately and it will be absolutely fine for you to return home. It’s an effective measure for protecting yourself, but also to your loved ones, your family and your friends.’

Urgency around precautionary measures reached new heights after tests found the outbreak to be a strain of Meningitis B, a less targeted form of the infection that few are vaccinated against.

People born before 2015 are not protected against meningitis B unless they received a vaccine privately. The vaccine was only introduced on the NHS for babies in 2015.

The risk of Meningitis B is highest in very young children and older teenagers and young adults, usually linked to going to university and mixing with lots of new people in a short space of time. But a vaccine for teenagers hasn’t been rolled out because it wasn’t deemed cost effective – the vaccine itself costs over £200 including a booster, and doesn’t prevent you from spreading the infection.

After the initial outbreak, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) contacted more than 30,000 people, including University of Kent students, staff and their families. The death of a 21-year-old Kent University student and an 18-year-old local sixth former led to widespread concern, while NHS Kent have offered free medication to anyone who attended nearby nightclub Club Chemistry on the 5th, 6th or 7th of March.

‘A lot of flatmates already left,’ one student told the BBC. ‘Their parents picked them up at like one in the morning. Actually, I think I’ll be the only guy in that flat now that all my friends are gone.’

He described fellow students running frantically with their belongings to escape campus. In such a dense social environment, university becomes a prime setting for the outbreak of infectious diseases. Some students have said they’re surprised the campus has even remained open, but local medical officials are concerned that fleeing students will only spread the risk of infection further afield.

‘Meningococcal disease can be spread through a number of different routes,’ said Amirthalingam. ‘Vaping is just one. It is very much linked to close contact. There are plenty of other activities that can also promote the spread of this infection.’

Eliza Gil, a clinical lecturer specialising in infectious disease at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, shared concerns about the vulnerability of students. ‘These [young people] won’t have any immunity to meningitis B. Currently students aren’t offered it because the risk has been historically low and also because the protection is imperfect and not very long lived.’

‘Sharing anything that goes in your mouth is a potential risk factor for transmitting a mouth-living bacteria,’ she added, responding to concerns that some students had caught the infection after sharing a vape.

But despite concerns for students, staff and parents, professionals like Amirthalingam believe the response to the outbreak has been as efficient as possible.

‘With these individuals, some of whom are extremely unwell in hospital, it can be difficult to try and ascertain detailed follow-up information, but that was done very rapidly over the weekend to be able to give that information out and identify the links within 24 hours.’

Still, many of the young people caught at the center of the outbreak feel ill at ease. Others are worried social media may be fanning the flames of anxiety, with online framing of the incident being ‘overegged’ in certain ways.

However you look at it, the bottom line is that two young people have lost their lives, and the meningitis outbreak has torn apart a community. A classmate of the 18-year-old student who died said she was a ‘bright character, always very happy, kind.’

‘She was in our PE class, she was in our class right at the beginning of the week. It’s just a shock to hear what happened.’

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