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Haiti violence escalates following prisoner escapes

The Haitian government declared a 72-hour state of emergency after armed gangs stormed two major prisons in the country last Sunday. Close to 4,000 inmates have reportedly escaped.

This past weekend, gang members made a daring move by breaking into the nation’s two biggest prisons, spiralling insecurity in the country.

According to the UN, gang violence in Haiti has escalated since the assassination of president Jovenel Moïse in 2021. Close to 1,000 innocent Haitians were killed or kidnapped in the month of January 2024 and over 300,000 have been displaced.

The ‘prison break’ marked a dark chapter in Haiti’s history, as gang members attempted to capture the capital’s main airport in a move to oust the Prime Minister Ariel Henry from power.

The Prime Minister, who was not in the country during the clashes, travelled to Kenya to sign a deal which green lit a contingent of 1,000 Kenyan officers to assist in fighting the gangs.

The officers deployment is facing constitutional challenges in the Kenyan High Court, however, as human rights groups take quarrel with the intervention.

In the midst of the chaos, gang leaders demanded the resignation of the Prime Minister. They argue that the government’s inability to solve economic hardships faced by the population, necessitates a change in leadership.

The UN estimates that 80% of Port-au-Prince, Haiti’s capital, is controlled by gang members. They have barricaded their turfs preventing security officials from access. Schools, businesses, and hospitals have been closed for months as some have permanently shut down due to killings and kidnappings.

The gang leaders accuse the Prime Minister of clinging to power unconstitutionally and are acting on the request of the ‘people’. No presidential elections have been held in the country for the past eight years.

The United Nations and other organisations have expressed deep concern over the deteriorating situation in Haiti. It has appealed for a $674 million financial assistance to cater for more than half of the country’s population.

Millions of children are under threat of malnutrition and lack of basic amenities, while parts of the youth population is forced to join the gang groups amid the chaos.

The Dominican Republic has refused to open refugee camps for those fleeing Haiti. This has forced thousands of women and children suspended amid the ongoing violence. In some instances, these women and children are used for ransom and sexual exploitations by gang members.

Despite foreign attempts to neutralise the situation, there are huge concerns about the deployment of African officers, particularly from Kenya, who do not speak French and understand the country’s turmoil.

There appears to be no imminent end to the suffering of the Haitian people, but we’re hopeful that some sort of resolution can be reached swiftly.

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