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Does labour’s school uniform reform miss the mark?

A new government bill claims to cut costs on UK school uniforms, but critics argue it’s a superficial fix to a deeply stratified system. 

Keir Starmer’s labour government has announced plans to make school uniforms more affordable. Under the new Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill, most state schools in England will be required to cap the number of compulsory branded uniform items to three, with secondary schools allowed a branded tie as a fourth.

If passed, the reform could slash the average £442 spent annually on secondary school uniforms (£343 for primary pupils). It’s a change the Department of Education hails as a step forward for working class families, but the announcement isn’t winning over everyone.

Labour’s decision seeks to tackle the issue posed by branded schoolwear, which often involves a higher price point and requires parents to purchase new items each time their child changes schools or progresses through each year group.

By allowing families to shop generically for most items – like supermarket polos rather than logo-stitched blazers – the bill hopes to loosen the chokehold that school uniforms place on household budgets. According to government figures, around 70% of secondary schools and 35% of primary schools will need to make changes to comply with the law.

But for many parents and educators, the answers aren’t always so simple. Critics argue that school uniforms are themselves archaic and redundant, with some suggesting that scrapping them altogether would be a simpler answer.

Others have been quick to point out that uniform is just the surface of a much larger problem, barely addressing the needs of those in Britain’s poorest areas. Some of the most pressing issues facing UK schools include underfunding, overcrowding, and lack of teachings – partly caused by unsubstantial pay.

These responses reveal a broader dissatisfaction with the uniform status quo – and with a government that appears more invested in trimming clothing bills than tackling structural inequalities. Critics argue that uniforms, far from being the great social leveller they’re often framed as, can reinforce class divides.

A child in a fraying blazer is still taken as a signpost for economic hardship, while one in shiny new shoes projects privilege. If branding is merely the logo, then inequity is woven into the fabric of every school uniform.

Still, the bill is making significant strides in addressing key concerns amongst the parents of school children. The move comes as a new survey shows a third of parents are still worried about uniform costs, with 1 in 5 schools said to have actually increased the number of branded items required over the past year.

And while schools are currently required to enforce a limit on the number of branded items they require, many are failing to do so.

Education Secretary, Bridget Phillipson, said of the measure: ‘Looking smart as school shouldn’t cost the earth, and no parent should be forced to choose between buying family essentials and a school shirt or tie.

‘Alongside our free breakfast clubs, these new laws will save parents hundreds of pounds a year, and make sure family finance have no bearing on children’s time at school.

‘This bill is about keeping children safe, saving parents money and bringing every school up to the standard of the best, so we can break down barriers to opportunity and deliver our Plan for Change.’

The capital-p-plan that Phillipson refers to is part of Labour’s Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill, which proposes to introduce free breakfast clubs, create a new register of all home-schooled children in England, and reform academies.

Inside a uniform exchange in Darlington, there are rows of professionally-cleaned school summer dresses hanging up in a rainbow of different colours.
BBC

Despite countries like France, Canada, and the United States all bypassing school uniforms, many of its supporters argue that standardised dress remains vital to cultivating discipline, equality, and a sense of belonging. In theory, uniforms suppress markers of status and style that can distract from learning or breed social division. But in practice, these distinctions are re-inscribed in subtler ways.

There is also the issue of implementation. Schoolwear manufacturers have warned that limiting branded items might paradoxically increase costs, as economies of scale shrink and new demand patterns destabilise supply chains. If schools must also replace existing uniforms to comply with the three-item limit, families may be forced to repurchase entire wardrobes.

That’s not to say the policy is without merit. Any measure that relieves financial pressure for low-income families should be welcomed. And the reform does signal an important shift away from the monopoly of expensive branded schoolwear. It’s one that could, with the right oversight, foster greater flexibility for parents.

But if this is to be the flagship of Labour’s school wellbeing programme, it feels like a missed opportunity.

A growing contingent of educators and activists argue that uniforms themselves are worth challenging. What does it mean to enforce conformity in an era that prizes individual expression?

How do gendered uniform rules align with the needs of trans and nonbinary students? Why are appearance and obedience still policed with such vigour in schools, even as the world outside demands creativity and adaptability?

If the government wants to be serious about children’s wellbeing, it should consider the answers to these questions (and go further than balancing budgets on the backs of blazers).

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