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Celebrities are fighting to own photos of themselves

Gigi Hadid’s lawyers have taken an original stance in the ongoing copyright battle between celebrities and the paparazzi.

Celebs and the paparazzi have never had the most amicable relationship, despite the fact that their existences are symbiotic. Whilst celebrities often accuse photographers of privacy violations, members of the pap get their own back through lawsuits against celebs who deign to use photos taken by them on their personal accounts.

J-Lo, 50 Cent, Jessica Simpson, and Khloe Kardashian have all been party to lawsuits after pulling photos of themselves off the internet and posting them on their social media, taking a bite from the licensing fees that paparazzi and other agencies depend on for income.

Kardashian was sued in 2017 for copyright infringement after using a photographer’s image of her entering a Miami restaurant. Simpson was sued this January for posting a shot of herself leaving an NYC hotel on insta, with the photographer claiming that he had only licensed the photo for the Daily Mail. You get the picture (no pun intended).


Your face is my face

It seems completely counterintuitive to think that one may have less rights to their own likeness than someone who manages to capture it, however in these circumstances copyright law clearly favours the photographer. According to entertainment lawyer Bryan Sullivan, who spoke to Buzzfeed News regarding the issue, the subject of the photo doesn’t have any rights to the picture if it was taken in a public place.

The penalties for a β€˜wilful infringement’ of copyright law can be steep – $150,000 for each violation. Photographers can also sue for loss of profit and legal fees.

In the past legal teams of celebs have argued that a photographer is benefitting off their client’s likeness, thereby rendering any argument about the legality of profiting from other people’s work void. Moreover, they’ve argued that celebrities don’t directly profit from photos on their social medias. However, most just take the easy way out and settle out of court.


Gigi fights back

Not so Gigi Hadid. In January of this year a copyright infringement lawsuit was filed against her by agency Xclusive-Lee, alleging that Hadid posted one of its images to her Instagram in violation of the company’s copyright policy. In a motion to dismiss filed earlier this June, Hadid’s legal team came up with the original counterargument that Gigi contributed to the composition of the photo through her outfit and her pose, thus her posting the image constituted fair use.

The memorandum of support says Hadid didn’t infringe on any copyright β€˜because Ms Hadid posed for the camera and thus herself contributed many of the elements that the copyright law seeks to protect.’ She, the memorandum claims, creatively directed the picture, not the photographer who captured it. To paraphrase, your photo would be nothing with Gigi Hadid, so you won’t be getting any money, honey.


How does this relate to privacy debates?

It’s an interesting discussion given the state of digital privacy right now. With Amazon recently selling their facial recognition software to the US government against the wishes of investors, Facebook and their dodgy privacy regulations worming their way into currency, and the ability for deep fake videos to literally steal people’s image, the fact that someone could give up rights to their own face by virtue of stepping outside feels… a little odd.

It seems to me that this case is all about the blurring of boundaries. The photographer’s argument that his photo of Hadid is not a violation of her privacy but a piece of constructed artwork, and the fact that this view is backed by the law, shows that the creation of art is a more obscure process when technology is involved.

This is hardly surprising given that government itself seems to be a willing participant in dipping into people’s private lives through facial recognition software. Moreover, even if the law didn’t sanction the public seeping into the private, the tech available to the everyday citizen is now so good that deep fakes and complete fabrications can be widely shared on the internet anonymously.

In sum, if you’re a figure in the public eye literally anyone can get ahold of your likeness and do what they wish with it, and the government isn’t going to stop them because they also want to use your likeness. For your own safety.

When you consider all this, it should come as no surprise that celebs are told pictures of their face don’t belong to them.

But Hadid’s lawyers adding this new layer to the ongoing argument might offer some hope for celebrities who’d like to keep their likeness’. If they can bill themselves as a contributor rather than a bystander to a photograph, they may reclaim some rights over it. This argument could fundamentally alter how Instagram reposts function, and what’s allowed on the platform.

Well, that’s the theory anyway. The photo has since been deleted from Hadid’s Instagram so whether her lawyers are continuing this line of argument is anyone’s guess. We kind of hope they are – if celebrities can’t stop their picture from being taken, they should at least be able to use the images, right?

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